As is well known, the ABS brake anti lock system can improve the safety of emergency braking for vehicles. Vehicles without ABS are prone to tire lockup during emergency braking, resulting in directional deviation and inability to turn to avoid danger, leading to serious accidents. Therefore, in the rapidly developing 20th century of electronic technology, ABS devices began to develop on a large scale and were equipped on civilian vehicles, becoming the most effective safety technology after seat belts.
Nowadays, the ABS system has become a standard configuration in modern cars, which can help drivers better control the vehicle. The so-called ABS, also known as the "anti lock brake system", is used to control the change in braking force of the brake caliper during vehicle braking, so that the tires do not lock up and lose grip, and maintain a certain slip rate to ensure that the tires can achieve maximum ground adhesion.
What benefits can the ABS brake anti lock system bring? Does it have any drawbacks
In fact, if the tire is completely locked by the braking force, it will lose its optimal grip, so finding a balance between rolling and sliding is the best choice for the wheels. On vehicles without ABS system, in order to avoid vehicle slip and loss of control caused by wheel lock, it is necessary to manually step on and release the pedal repeatedly, but this is not suitable for the vast majority of ordinary drivers. The ABS system uses electronic control of the ABS pump to operate brake force distribution, which can achieve dozens of "braking" operations per second. Not only is the operation speed faster, but it is also more accurate, which can effectively keep the tires within a reasonable slip range, bringing better braking effect.
Under the action of the ABS system, the driver does not need to consider operational issues when encountering an emergency, only needs to fully press the brake pedal. Through the operation of ABS, the vehicle can avoid losing control of direction during emergency braking and avoid the risk of sideslip. While providing safer braking performance, it can also reduce wear on the brake system and tires, thereby extending its service life
However, it should be noted that although the ABS brake anti lock system can provide better braking performance and safety, it also has its own limitations. For example, ABS cannot prevent vehicles from violating physical laws. It cannot improve the braking efficiency of the vehicle, but can only maximize its performance as close as possible. The final braking performance is still limited by the vehicle's own braking system and tires. In addition, on smooth, sandy, snowy and other road surfaces, the ABS system is more easily triggered, which can actually reduce braking performance.
Since the ABS brake anti lock system is so important, how does it work?
On vehicles with ABS anti lock braking systems, all four wheels are equipped with wheel speed sensors to collect data, and the ABS controller determines the vehicle's motion status based on the signals from these wheel speed sensors. Under normal driving conditions, the pipelines from the brake system master cylinder to each caliper cylinder are connected, and all braking pressure is transmitted with the movement of the brake pedal, which is the same as the braking process without the ABS system.
When will ABS work? When the vehicle is undergoing emergency braking, the ABS controller will monitor the input wheel speed signal from the wheel speed sensor, and enter the intervention state when it detects a tendency to lock up. During intervention, the ABS controller will operate relevant components to continuously cut off and connect the brake fluid pipeline, thereby achieving a "decrease increase decrease" cycle of braking force, keeping the wheels that tend to lock within a certain range of slip rate, ensuring that the tires can obtain the best grip and allowing the vehicle to perform normal steering actions. Due to the use of mechanical means during the operation of the system, when ABS is activated and intervened, the noise of operation can be clearly heard, and the brake pedal will also transmit vibration to the driver's foot through rebound force.
It should be noted that the ABS system will only enter the ready state after exceeding a certain speed, and when the speed drops to a certain range after braking, the ABS system will automatically stop and return to the normal state. When the vehicle speed is low, whether the wheels are in a locked state has a very small impact on the final braking performance. On the contrary, the tires in a locked state can make the vehicle stop faster.
Usage suggestion: For modern vehicles today, the ABS brake anti lock system has already become a standard configuration, and even many models have been equipped with higher level ESP body dynamic stability system. Therefore, in the vast majority of cases, we do not need to consider whether there will be lock up or side slip during emergency braking. We only need to firmly press the brake pedal to the bottom and let the vehicle's ABS system help us deal with the problem of wheel lock.